An air motor plays an important role in maintaining hygienic conditions during fully automated robotic milking operations A new milking robot, developed by Fullwood, presents the milking cluster to the cows, re-washing the udder and ensuring correct milking, in a fully automated operation. Each robot incorporates a P1V-S series stainless steel air motor from Parker Pneumatic; this is connected to a gearbox driving two small vertical rollers, which pre-wash and clean the teats on the cow's udder prior to presenting the milking cluster. The P1V-S product range comprises 58 air motors, providing output power from 90W to 1,200W, speeds from 50 to 22,000 rpm and torque from 0.14 to 110Nm. They are equipped with two air supply ports, enabling rotation direction to be reversed by simply switching the supply. Lubrication-free design and construction ensures that exhausted air is entirely free of oil mist. The range is clean and hygienic and the design eliminates possible dirt traps. All materials, including the Viton seals, are chosen to withstand cleaning detergents and aggressive solvents.